Hypothyroidism is a thyroid disease caused by the thyroid gland being underactive and not producing enough thyroid hormones. Knowing the symptoms of hypothyroidism can get you on the path to proper treatment quickly.
The thyroid gland is a small organ in the neck that produces important hormones called thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that control the body’s metabolism and the function of many vital organs.
According to the American Thyroid Association, common causes of hypothyroidism include autoimmune disease, radiation therapy, and surgical removal of part of the thyroid gland.
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Everyday Health says the most common symptoms of hypothyroidism are fatigue and low energy, feeling cold when others do not, and because hypothyroidism slows the metabolism, weight gain.
However, there are many more potential symptoms of hypothyroidism. The severity of the symptoms depends on the severity of the disease and how long the disease has been progressing. The symptoms may be so mild at first that they are nearly undetectable.
The list below, from WebMD, is not exhaustive, but some other symptoms are:
- Weakness
- Dry skin and hair
- Brittle nails
- Thinning hair
- Decreased sex drive
- Muscle weakness and aching
- Depression
- Constipation
- Irritability
- Loss of memory
- Irregular menstrual periods or period that last more than 5-7 days
- Hoarseness
- Swelling of hands, arms, legs, and feet
- Facial puffiness
- An enlarged thyroid gland, or goiter
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Hypothyroidism can be difficult to diagnose because it has no symptoms that patients always experience, the American Thyroid Association says. Some people may notice only one or two mild symptoms while others may experience the full gamut of symptoms. In addition, most of the symptoms of hypothyroidism are also associated with other diseases.
Hypothyroidism is diagnosed using simple blood tests. While it is not curable, it is easily treated with often just one daily pill. Ongoing monitoring with an endocrinologist is essential for long-term success.
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