Whether due to a large earthquake, volcanic eruptions, or major landslides, it is important to know how to survive a tsunami when one hits.
According to the American Red Cross, the chances of a large tsunami occurring increases if there is a major Pacific earthquake — 6.5 or higher — that lasts more than 20 seconds.
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The International Tsunami Warning System will issue warnings if waves are detected and an evacuation is required. For people close to shore, a “rapid rise or fall in coastal waters” is a warning sign of a tsunami, says the American Red Cross.
A majority of tsunamis, retired security specialist David Dawson writes for Survival Mastery, are caused by deep underwater earthquakes. Dawson shares the following tips for how to survive a tsunami in high-risk areas.
1. Be prepared.
Prepare an evacuation plan for you and your family members, a light-weight first-aid kit that can be carried, weather-appropriate attire, and several days’ worth of food and water.
2. Head to higher ground
Tsunamis are most dangerous in low-lying coastal areas so once a tsunami warning has been issued or you observe warning signs, go to higher ground as quickly as possible. Experts recommend going 2 miles inland or 100 feet above sea level.
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3. Remain on higher ground for several days.
Tsunamis can last for several days, with a series of waves hitting at different times. Remaining on higher ground away from the tsunami activity will help increase your chances of surviving a tsunami.
4. Be cautious.
In the event that warning systems are down and tsunami detection is weak, remain vigilant and listen to government and local officials before returning home. Even when “all clear” messages have been sent out, officials have misread warning system messages in the past and people have died upon returning home immediately after an announcement. Use caution and allow adequate time for all tsunami activity to subside.
5. Be well-informed.
Tourists, visitors, and residents of tsunami-prone areas need to learn the area and what to do in an emergency situation.
6. Move quickly after an earthquake.
After a major earthquake strikes that lasts 20 seconds or more, make plans to move fast. Avoid downed power lines, bridges, and buildings that increase your risk of being struck by falling debris. Don’t stop to collect possessions; evacuate your residence of yourself, your family, and pets in order to survive a tsunami.
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